TiO2 is used as a pigment in many applications to give products both opacity and whiteness. The unique chemical character of TiO2 means that the material is largely irreplaceable however its price and necessary level of use ensure that it remains a significant raw material cost without serious alternative.
However partial replacement or "extension" of TiO2 is possible using benign non-pigments to help the dispersion or spacing of TiO2 making more cost-effective use of this key raw material. While materials for extension of TiO2 in aqueous emulsion paints are well known, technical barriers mean that the most of the same materials cannot be used in more demanding applications, such as powder coatings or plastics in general.
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